Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds
About 20 March 44 BCE Antony staged Caesar’s public funeral, with oration, will, and body. In the causal graph this event strengthens Political Polarization, a driver that weakens Having a say in government — a worsening welfare path.
Read the full account
About 20 March 44 BCE Antony staged Caesar’s public funeral, with oration, will, and body. The dated funeral instrument is not the Lupercalia and not a later English play. Mark Antony’s documented role is: He delivered the public funeral oration and staged Caesar’s body and will. The crowd rioted; later playwrights are not the oration. This is the funeral instrument. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear.
Context
A Forum audience, conspirators still in the city, and Caesar’s will already sat in the file. A riot is not unique authorship of every later civil war. Named others on the file: The urban crowd, the Ides conspirators as targets of riot, and unnamed attendants share the day. The public setting is the file around -0044-03-20. The instrument stays Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds. The setting of Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds is the public file around -0044-03-20. Driver political-polarization is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.
Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. This is the funeral instrument. Mixed effects of Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds are separate paths.
Why it matters
Worsening polarisation path: a public funeral that authorised riot. Complex received oration. Welfare reading worsening. The attached mechanism is A dated funeral staging polarised Rome into riot against the Ides conspirators. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.
That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Mark Antony
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.44 · verified
He delivered the public funeral oration and staged Caesar’s body and will. The crowd rioted; later playwrights are not the oration.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactAntony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds
- strengthensDriverPolitical Polarization
- weakensIndicators (2)Having a say in government
impact weight 0.45 · Effect from 44 BCE · verified
A dated funeral staging polarised Rome into riot against the Ides conspirators.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)
Observed
29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).
20212023 Above normal = better
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)
Observed
43.9 Score · 43.9 above the normal line (2024)
Worse than normal26 readings, 1996–2024: rose from 43 Score to 43.9 Score.
Normal is zero · any amount = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Britannica — Mark AntonyEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
- 2.Perseus — Plutarch, AntonyPerseus Digital Library / Tufts · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Britannica and Plutarch independently describe Antony’s funeral staging as a distinct 44 instrument. Official: Britannica — Mark Antony, funeral of Caesar (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mark-Antony-Roman-triumvir (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Perseus — Plutarch, Antony’s funeral speech (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0007 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Mark Antony, funeral of Caesar (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mark-Antony-Roman-triumvir (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Perseus — Plutarch, Antony’s funeral speech (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0007 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library).
Established: Antony’s public funeral role in March 44. Established: a sourced public record of Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds under -0044-03-20.
Shared responsibility is part of Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds. Naming Mark Antony does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -0044-03-20 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.
If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.
Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorMark Antony
- contributed toFactAntony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds
- strengthensDriverPolitical Polarization
- weakensIndicatorHaving a say in government
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Antony speaks at Caesar’s public funeral and displays the will and wounds. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/ant-funeral-44
https://factrail.ai/facts/ant-funeral-44
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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