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Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE

Around 410 BCE Phoenician Women was produced, a play of Eteocles, Polynices, and a besieged Thebes. The dated production is not Trojan Women of 415 and not Bacchae. In the causal graph this event weakens Humanitarian Access, a driver that strengthens People Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC) — an improving welfare path.

Read the full account

Around 410 BCE Phoenician Women was produced, a play of Eteocles, Polynices, and a besieged Thebes. The dated production is not Trojan Women of 415 and not Bacchae. Euripides’s documented role is: He produced the Phoenissae, a play of fratricide and a city’s siege. The demos watched; later Loeb is access; unique year is conventional. Different cycle, different year. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Euripides's documented role is: He produced the Phoenissae, a play of fratricide and a city’s siege.

Context

A war-weary audience, unnamed actors, and a male-citizen festival already sit in the file. A Theban play is not unique authorship of every later siege. Later Loeb is access. Named others on the file: Unnamed actors, the demos, and later editors share the production. The public setting is the file around -0410-01-01. The instrument stays Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE. The setting of Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE is the public file around -0410-01-01. Driver humanitarian-access is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Why it matters

Medium confidence on unique year. Welfare reading worsening. The attached mechanism is A dated Theban-cycle play put public siege-and-kin-killing into the festival file, distinct from Trojan Women as a 415 Trojan play. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Euripides

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.36 · verified

    He produced the Phoenissae, a play of fratricide and a city’s siege. The demos watched; later Loeb is access; unique year is conventional.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Perseus — Euripides, PhoenissaePerseus Digital Library · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Euripides, Alcestis 438 BCEEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Britannica and Perseus independently identify Phoenissae as a distinct Euripidean war-play. Official: Britannica — Euripides, Phoenician Women (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Euripides (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Perseus — Euripides, Phoenissae (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0118 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Euripides, Phoenician Women (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Euripides (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Perseus — Euripides, Phoenissae (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0118 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library).

Established: Phoenissae as a late Euripidean production. Not established: that Trojan Women is this same play. Established: a sourced public record of Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE under -0410-01-01.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Different cycle, different year. Mixed effects of Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE are separate paths.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Shared responsibility is part of Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE. Naming Euripides does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -0410-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorEuripides
  2. contributed toFactPhoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE
  3. weakensDriverHumanitarian Access
  4. strengthensIndicatorPeople Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC)

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Phoenician Women is produced as a Theban-war play around 410 BCE. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/eur-phoenissae-410

https://factrail.ai/facts/eur-phoenissae-410

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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