Year names record walls and fortifications of Sippar as public works

Hammurabi year-names record the walls of Sippar as a completed royal work. The dated fortification heading is not the canal-labour row and not the Code stele. Hammurabi’s documented role is: Year-names commemorate walls of Sippar and other cities. Commanded labour built; he claimed; later ORACC is access. A wall is not a canal. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear.

Context

A Shamash city, unnamed commanded labour, and later tablet dates already sit in the file. A wall is not unique authorship of Sippar. Later ORACC is access. Named others on the file: Unnamed labour, Sippar’s priesthood, and later year-list scribes share the heading. The public setting is the file around -1756-01-01. The instrument stays Year names record walls and fortifications of Sippar as public works. The setting of Year names record walls and fortifications of Sippar as public works is the public file around -1756-01-01.

Shared responsibility is part of Year names record walls and fortifications of Sippar as public works. Naming Hammurabi does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -1756-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Why it matters

Complex commanded labour. Welfare reading improving. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is improving.