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Hammurabi

Hammurabi

0

Near balanceFormula-derived score

Old Babylonian king whose year names, Mari letters, and Louvre law-stele reach the public through ARCHIBAB, CDLI, the Louvre, and Britannica. Documented harms: conquest year-formulae, death-penalty clauses, graded status, 1902 removal to Paris. Chronology is reconstructed. He did not file 1902.

Royal year-name conquest as later published formulaestatus-graded penalties as later Code EnglishLouvre stele as both public law-object and 1902 displacement

Impact

Not rated yet: the verified records linked to this person, without a numeric impact.

Editorial assessment (context, not the score)

The page is not a marble inventor of law and not a verified 1750 BCE diary. The heaviest documented costs in public English are conquest year-formulae, death-penalty and slave clauses, and the 1902 removal of the stele. The offsets are Louvre/Avalon/ARCHIBAB access and inscribed public-ness of rules as a split path. He did not file 1902. Excavators and editors did that work. Confidence is high on those pages, medium on unique war archaeology. Later Louvre pages remain the dated record.

Indicators affected

Indicators this person’s verified facts reach. No score contribution is assigned; the observed state is the indicator’s own reading.

Accountability & contradictions

Claims against the record, the type of responsibility, and what is disputed.

Claimed

What happened

Responsibility

What could change this assessment

  • 4 linked facts have no assessed welfare direction yet.
  • Lifetime coverage has not been assessed: the record reflects stored facts only (1755–1786).

Causal path

Person → Fact → Driver → Indicator. Select a path to inspect its factors; the full network opens on demand.

  1. PersonHammurabi
  2. FactA year-name records the taking of Isin as a completed conquest heading
  3. DriverHumanitarian Access
  1. PersonHammurabi
  2. FactMari letters show Hammurabi as ally before the city’s end
  3. DriverInstitutional Corruption
  1. PersonHammurabi
  2. FactYear names record war with Elam as a completed force heading
  3. DriverHumanitarian Access

Timeline

The most relevant dated facts, newest first.

  1. 1 January 1786 · Humanitarian Access

    A year-name records the taking of Isin as a completed conquest heading

  2. 1 January 1765 · Institutional Corruption

    Mari letters show Hammurabi as ally before the city’s end

  3. 1 January 1764 · Humanitarian Access

    Year names record war with Elam as a completed force heading

  4. 31 December 1762 · Humanitarian Access

    The defeat of Larsa is a completed conquest heading in year names

  5. 1 January 1762 · Political Polarization

    Year names print wars with Eshnunna and neighbours as completed force headings

  6. 1 January 1761 · Forced-Displacement Scale

    The end of Zimri-Lim’s Mari is a completed destruction-and-takeover heading

Evidence & methodology

How the record is sourced and how the score is derived.

20 of 20 linked facts verified, drawing on 10 distinct sources (1755–1786).

Sources include Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus, Musée du Louvre, ARCHIBAB, University of Chicago, CDLI / MPIWG, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Yale Law School.

Sources (showing 8 of 10)

  1. 1.ARCHIBAB — Old Babylonian letters and year namesARCHIBAB
  2. 2.ORACC — Hammurabi year names, ElamOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus
  3. 3.Louvre — Code of Hammurabi stele, prologue as later public objectMusée du Louvre
  4. 4.Avalon Project — later English Code of HammurabiYale Law School
  5. 5.Louvre — Code of Hammurabi steleMusée du Louvre
  6. 6.Musée du Louvre
  7. 7.Oriental Institute — Amarna letters publicationUniversity of Chicago
  8. 8.Cuneiform Digital Library InitiativeCDLI / MPIWG

The score is formula-derived (Factrail formula v1, version 1.0.0), not an editorial verdict. Read the methodology.

By the · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed · Sources: 10

Expert analysis

An excerpt; the full analysis opens on request.

The first fact about Hammurabi is a conquest year-name and a death-penalty stele, not a marble inventor of law. Louvre at https://www.louvre.fr/en/explore/the-palace/the-code-of-hammurabi (opens in a new tab) and Britannica Code at https://www.britannica.com/topic/Code-of-Hammurabi (opens in a new tab) present the object. Avalon English at https://avalon.law.yale.edu/ancient/hamframe.asp (opens in a new tab) prints clauses. ARCHIBAB at https://www.archibab.fr/ (opens in a new tab) publishes letters and year names. CDLI at https://cdli.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ (opens in a new tab) is an open corpus. The 1901–02 find-and-move is a displacement of a Babylonian monument to Paris. The offsets are also URLs. OI Chicago at https://oi.uchicago.edu/ (opens in a new tab) and Yale at https://babylonian-collection.yale.edu/ (opens in a new tab) publish tablets. ORACC at http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ (opens in a new tab) is open text. Britannica biography at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hammurabi (opens in a new tab) marks reconstructed chronology. What the score must not say: that he invented law; that year-names are unique body counts; that 1902 is 1750; that Avalon HTML is an autograph. Complex contribution is the honest type. Confidence is high on the stele as a public object and on published year names, medium on unique destruction archaeology, low on unique canal-health coefficients. Related people are Zimri-Lim, Shamshi-Adad, later scribes. 1902 is a find-and-move. Year names are later-published formulae. The useful question is which later public pages still move conquest-formulae, graded penalties, and a Paris stele under his name. Keep year names stele clauses and 1902 find on separate dates. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Posthumous museums, critical editions, UNESCO listings, and political reception by later states are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a German chancellorship is not a relation. Hostile vita slander is not upgraded. Off-family indicator padding is refused. Confidence is high on named public pages, medium on unique coefficients, low on anecdote.

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