Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)

It belongs to Health-Care Access and Quality, the part of the welfare catalog concerned with the reach, capacity, financing, and practical availability of health services. The exact stored unit is Per 1000 people, the geographic presentation is global, the data publisher is World Bank, and the immutable numerical identity is WDI SH.MED.BEDS.ZS#identity. Candidate 45 is broader or differently denominated than “Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)” in Per 1000 people. Factrail stores this narrower source-defined measure, preserves the input wording in reconciliation, and makes no claim that the values measure the broader phrase. For catalog item 45, the provider definition is: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included. That definition controls the denominator, population, reporting instrument, and statistical meaning. This Indicator records an observed outcome; it does not assert why that outcome changed. Welfare assessment for item 45 uses higherisbetter. Higher observations are treated as better welfare relative to the dated comparative reference. The direction applies to the stored official measure after the disclosed transformation, if any, rather than being inferred from an emotionally positive or negative title. No mathematical transformation is applied before persistence. Keeping title, series identity, unit, scope, transformation, and interpretation together prevents the record from mixing incompatible measurement concepts. The numerical observations for catalog item 45 were retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) through https://data360api.worldbank.org/data360/data?DATABASEID=WBWDI&INDICATOR=WBWDISHMEDBEDS_ZS&timePeriodFrom=2018&timePeriodTo=2025 (opens in a new tab). The provider landing page is https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.MED.BEDS.ZS (opens in a new tab). The research package records the access date, exact dataset and series identifiers, dimension key country=all, unit, provider metadata, transformation, and yearly aggregation label. The bounded Source and Evidence records can therefore reproduce which numbers were used without treating a generic homepage as row-level proof. Measurement provenance for item 45 follows this provider method: The World Bank world aggregate is retained when it exists for a year; otherwise Factrail records a disclosed unweighted mean of reporting economies for the same exact indicator code. The aggregation label on every point distinguishes those two cases. 2018 combines 138 reporting economies; 2019 combines 137 reporting economies; 2020 combines 132 reporting economies; 2021 combines 125 reporting economies; 2022 combines 111 reporting economies; 2023 combines 73 reporting economies. The output keeps full numerical precision through NormalLine, deviation, and interpretation calculations. Display clients may round for readability, but the persisted value is not squeezed into a zero-to-one score and is not rounded before calculation. The item 45 NormalLine starts on 2018-01-01 at 4.3225 Per 1000 people. 75th percentile of provider-published reporting-economy observations in the selected series and dimensions. The calculation keeps the source unit, dimensions, and transformation fixed and is a comparative reference rather than an invented statutory target. For zeroisnorm, the value is exactly zero and is never relaxed because non-zero observations are common. For every item 45 point, normallinevalue copies that dated line and deviationfromnormal is stored in raw-unit terms as observation minus NormalLine. Arithmetic sign and welfare sign are separate. A positive raw deviation is adverse for lowerisbetter, favourable for higherisbetter, and adverse above zero for zeroisnorm. The custom governance score retains its provider scale and uses the public methodology explanation rather than title sentiment. The complete retained sequence is 2018: 3.066872 Per 1000 people; 2019: 3.042912 Per 1000 people; 2020: 3.132059 Per 1000 people; 2021: 3.294305 Per 1000 people; 2022: 3.3769369369 Per 1000 people; 2023: 3.0812328767 Per 1000 people. The first observation is 3.066872 Per 1000 people in 2018 and the latest is 3.0812328767 Per 1000 people in 2023. The absolute change is 0.0143608767 Per 1000 people, equivalent to 0.468258104675% of the absolute starting level. The minimum observed value is 3.042912 Per 1000 people, and the maximum is 3.3769369369 Per 1000 people. For catalog item 45, the latest observation differs from the NormalLine by -1.2412671233 Per 1000 people and is classified as negative under higherisbetter. That classification is a deterministic comparison, not a causal explanation or editorial verdict. A movement may reflect real change, altered reporting coverage, revised estimates, a changed survey frame, or several of those at once. There are 6 retained item 45 observations in the selected 2018-2025 research window. The retained observations satisfy the minimum temporal rule without interpolation, extrapolation, or forward filling. Missing years are absent observations, not zeroes. The sequence is intentionally irregular when the official source is irregular, because a smooth-looking line created by invented values would be methodologically false. The displayed global item 45 sequence has one consistent numerical identity: WDI SH.MED.BEDS.ZS#identity. No second source series is spliced into a gap, no latest value is copied into a missing year, and no country-only observation is relabelled as a World value. If the source later adds or revises an observation, the update must arrive as a new reviewed research package with its own checksum and audit record. A defensible graph edge requires an existing Driver, direction, strength, lag, confidence, and Source/Evidence that supports the mechanism. The outcome series alone cannot establish that causal chain. For item 45, importance weight 0.8 is generated by indicator-importance-rubric-v1. Its five committed components are directness 0.9, population reach 0.7, persistence 0.75, effect on human capabilities 0.75, and overlap control 0.9. The formula weights them 0.35, 0.25, 0.20, 0.15, and 0.05, then rounds to the nearest 0.05. The value is deterministic and reproducible; it is not an intuitive score assigned while drafting prose. Candidate 45 is broader or differently denominated than “Hospital beds (per 1,000 people)” in Per 1000 people. Factrail stores this narrower source-defined measure, preserves the input wording in reconciliation, and makes no claim that the values measure the broader phrase. The correction preserves all 120 catalog candidates as auditable inputs while refusing to fabricate a literal series that the selected official systems do not publish coherently. The resulting canonical Indicator may be narrower, differently denominated, or differently scoped than the preliminary phrase, and that difference is part of the record rather than hidden in a footnote. The 2018-2023 sequence for item 45 is too short for strong causal or structural claims. Cross-economy comparability can be affected by institutional definitions, survey coverage, modelled estimates, missing observations, classification practices, revisions, and unequal statistical capacity. A global aggregate or unweighted reporting-economy mean can also conceal distributional extremes and should not be used as an individual-level estimate. The item 45 NormalLine is a transparent comparative reference, not a claim that every jurisdiction has the same legal target or feasible frontier. The source may revise both historical points and metadata. Any later refresh must preserve the earlier Source, Evidence, checksum, and audit trail; it must not mutate the meaning of an already reviewed series identity.