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statementVerified

Notre-Dame de Paris prints Esmeralda as a public ‘bohémienne’ type for a mass novel

In March 1831 Notre-Dame de Paris made a young ‘bohémienne’ the public face of a bestseller, a typed exotic that later stage and film repeated. In the causal graph this event weakens Protection of Minority Rights, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — a worsening welfare path.

Sources: [1][2]

Read the full account

In March 1831 Notre-Dame de Paris made a young ‘bohémienne’ the public face of a bestseller, a typed exotic that later stage and film repeated.

Context

The book also campaigned for Gothic fabric and for a foundling’s dignity. Split monument-access and the 1862 poverty novel.

Victor Hugo’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below.

Why it matters

A mass-novel minority type is a stereotype path, not a 20th-century statute.

1831 is not Viollet-le-Duc’s later works.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Victor Hugo

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.55 · verified

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactNotre-Dame de Paris prints Esmeralda as a public ‘bohémienne’ type for a mass novel
    2. weakensDriverProtection of Minority Rights
    3. strengthensIndicators (2)Having a say in government
    Worsening path

    impact weight 0.5 · Effect from 16 March 1831 · verified

    A mass-novel minority type is a stereotype path, not a 20th-century statute.

    • Having a say in government

      via Protection of Minority Rights

      Worse

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.23 (weight 0.5 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)

      Worse than normal

      Two readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).

      20212023

      Above normal = better

    • Rule of Law Gap from the Highest Governance Score

      via Protection of Minority Rights

      Worse

      Weakens · Relationship strength 0.23 (weight 0.5 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      43.9 Score · 43.9 above the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      26 readings, 1996–2024: rose from 43 Score to 43.9 Score.

      Normal is zero · any amount = worse

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Notre-Dame de Paris — public-domain EnglishProject Gutenberg · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Victor HugoEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Gutenberg’s Notre-Dame and Britannica independently describe Esmeralda as the novel’s racialised-adjacent public figure.

Established: 1831 public Esmeralda plot-type. Not established: a unique harm coefficient for later stage versions.

Contribution type is direct.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorVictor Hugo
  2. contributed toFactNotre-Dame de Paris prints Esmeralda as a public ‘bohémienne’ type for a mass novel
  3. weakensDriverProtection of Minority Rights
  4. strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Notre-Dame de Paris prints Esmeralda as a public ‘bohémienne’ type for a mass novel. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/hug-esmeralda-type-1831

https://factrail.ai/facts/hug-esmeralda-type-1831

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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