Perseus publishes public New Testament Greek including Pauline books
A second public Greek is an access path. In the causal graph this event strengthens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — an improving welfare path.
Read the full account
The dated carrier is that Tufts text.
Context
A second public Greek is an access path. It is not a new papyrus.
Paul the Apostle is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Paul the Apostle
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.2 · verified
Named letter-writer as heading of later collections. Editors, popes, reformers, and colonial missions publish the instrument.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactPerseus publishes public New Testament Greek including Pauline books
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.35 · Effect from 1 January 1987 · verified
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.14 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.12 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.1 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Perseus — New Testament Greek (SBL/older public texts)Perseus Digital Library / Tufts · High credibility · verified
- 2.German Bible Society — Nestle-Aland 28 onlineDeutsche Bibelgesellschaft · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Perseus’s public NT Greek is a completed digital instrument independent of NA28’s later site.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorPaul the Apostle
- contributed toFactPerseus publishes public New Testament Greek including Pauline books
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Perseus publishes public New Testament Greek including Pauline books. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-perseus-greek-access
https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-perseus-greek-access
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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