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statementVerified

Public Philemon prints a personal appeal about Onesimus as a named unfree person

Philemon in the public collection asks a master to receive Onesimus as a brother. Do store a named person’s plea as printed. In the causal graph this event strengthens Humanitarian Access, a driver that strengthens People Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC) — a worsening welfare path.

Sources: [1][2]

Read the full account

Philemon in the public collection asks a master to receive Onesimus as a brother. It is not manumission law.

Context

Do store a named person’s plea as printed.

Paul the Apostle is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.

Why it matters

Printed Philemon is not a 19th-century emancipation statute.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Paul the Apostle

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.28 · verified

    Named letter-writer as heading of later collections. Editors, popes, reformers, and colonial missions publish the instrument.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy — PaulInternet Encyclopedia of Philosophy · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.German Bible Society — Nestle-Aland 28 onlineDeutsche Bibelgesellschaft · High credibility · verified

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorPaul the Apostle
  2. contributed toFactPublic Philemon prints a personal appeal about Onesimus as a named unfree person
  3. strengthensDriverHumanitarian Access
  4. strengthensIndicatorPeople Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC)

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Public Philemon prints a personal appeal about Onesimus as a named unfree person. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-philemon-person-heading

https://factrail.ai/facts/pa-philemon-person-heading

Accessed 15 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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