Analemma treats sundial geometry as a public instrument-text
The public setting is the file around 0150-10-01. In the causal graph this event strengthens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — an improving welfare path.
Read the full account
Ptolemy’s documented role is: He wrote on the analemma for sundials. Later Latin is a carrier; he did not typeset it. A sundial diagram is not a geocentric computational recipe. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Ptolemy's documented role is: He wrote on the analemma for sundials.
Context
A sundial-making tradition, unnamed copyists, and later Latin translators already sit in the file. A diagram-book is not unique authorship of every later garden dial. Later editions are access. Named others on the file: Unnamed copyists, later dial-makers, and Latin translators share the treatise. The public setting is the file around 0150-10-01. Driver edu-digital-learning-access is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.
Naming Ptolemy does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 0150-10-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.
Why it matters
Complex later carrier. Welfare reading improving. The attached mechanism is A dated sundial-geometry treatise put public time-finding diagrams into the instrument file, distinct from Handy Tables as computational lock. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is improving.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Ptolemy
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.32 · verified
He wrote on the analemma for sundials. Later Latin is a carrier; he did not typeset it.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactAnalemma treats sundial geometry as a public instrument-text
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.3 · Effect from 1 October 150 · verified
A dated sundial-geometry treatise put public time-finding diagrams into the instrument file, distinct from Handy Tables as computational lock.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.12 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.1 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.09 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Britannica — sundial, analemma heritageEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
- 2.Britannica — Ptolemy, Planetary HypothesesEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Analemma treats the geometry used to construct sundials.
Britannica independently identifies Analemma as a distinct Ptolemaic sundial text. Official: Britannica — Ptolemy, Analemma (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ptolemy (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Britannica — sundial, analemma heritage (https://www.britannica.com/technology/sundial (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Ptolemy, Analemma (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ptolemy (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Britannica — sundial, analemma heritage (https://www.britannica.com/technology/sundial (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica).
Established: Analemma as a Ptolemaic work. Not established: that Handy Tables is this same book.
Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.
If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.
Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives.
That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorPtolemy
- contributed toFactAnalemma treats sundial geometry as a public instrument-text
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Analemma treats sundial geometry as a public instrument-text. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pto-analemma
https://factrail.ai/facts/pto-analemma
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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