Skip to content
Saint Peter

Saint Peter

0

Near balanceFormula-derived score

Received apostle in the New Testament file (chronology disputed). Documented harms: denial, arrest-sword, Antioch in Galatians, later Rome tradition. Offsets: confession, Pentecost speech, Cornelius.

Received apostle speeches as gospel-and-Acts fileAntioch dispute as Galatians not as a Vatican buildinglater Sinai icon as reception not a lifetime face

Impact

Not rated yet: the verified records linked to this person, without a numeric impact.

Editorial assessment (context, not the score)

The record is not a marble pope and not a unique author of a basilica. The heaviest documented costs are the denial, the arrest-sword as received, Antioch in Galatians, and a later Rome-death tradition that remains uncertain. Ananias and Sapphira stay a narrative, not a docket. The offsets are confession, Pentecost speech, and Cornelius. Sinai is later. Confidence is medium on Acts speeches as headings, low on miracles as events and on 64 as certificate.

Indicators affected

Indicators this person’s verified facts reach. No score contribution is assigned; the observed state is the indicator’s own reading.

Accountability & contradictions

Claims against the record, the type of responsibility, and what is disputed.

Claimed

What happened

Responsibility

What could change this assessment

  • 5 linked facts have no assessed welfare direction yet.
  • Lifetime coverage has not been assessed: the record reflects stored facts only (0028–0064).

Causal path

Person → Fact → Driver → Indicator. Select a path to inspect its factors; the full network opens on demand.

  1. PersonSaint Peter
  2. Fact1 Peter is a later letter under Peter's name of disputed autograph; teaching it as a 60s tape is a knowledge-harm
  3. DriverDigital Learning Access
  1. PersonSaint Peter
  2. FactLater Vatican basilica and papal office are not Peter's buildings; storing them as 64 CE acts would fake a source
  3. DriverInstitutional Corruption
  1. PersonSaint Peter
  2. FactRome martyrdom under Nero is later tradition with uncertainty, not a recovered 64 civil death certificate and not a Vatican foundation
  3. DriverHumanitarian Access

Timeline

The most relevant dated facts, newest first.

  1. 1 September 64 · Digital Learning Access

    1 Peter is a later letter under Peter's name of disputed autograph; teaching it as a 60s tape is a knowledge-harm

  2. 1 June 64 · Institutional Corruption

    Later Vatican basilica and papal office are not Peter's buildings; storing them as 64 CE acts would fake a source

  3. 1 January 64 · Humanitarian Access

    Rome martyrdom under Nero is later tradition with uncertainty, not a recovered 64 civil death certificate and not a Vatican foundation

  4. 1 June 49 · Personal-Data Protection

    Acts and Galatians are the public lifetime file of Peter's offices; later papal plant is reception, not additional 40s acts

  5. 1 January 49 · Democratic Resilience

    Acts receives Peter speaking at a Jerusalem meeting on gentile obligation, a council-speech not a later curia

  6. 1 January 48 · Political Polarization

    Galatians receives an Antioch dispute in which Paul opposes Peter over table-fellowship with gentiles

Evidence & methodology

How the record is sourced and how the score is derived.

32 of 32 linked facts verified, drawing on 8 distinct sources (0028–0064).

Sources include Project Gutenberg, New Advent, Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Sources

  1. 1.New Advent — Acts of the ApostlesNew Advent
  2. 2.New Advent — Mark 6 hometown identification as later EnglishNew Advent
  3. 3.Britannica — Saint Peter, later images neighbourhoodEncyclopaedia Britannica
  4. 4.The King James Bible — public-domain EnglishProject Gutenberg
  5. 5.New Advent — John 19 crucifixion English as later carrierNew Advent
  6. 6.New Advent — Saint Peter, later Roman tradition as church fileNew Advent
  7. 7.New Advent — GalatiansNew Advent
  8. 8.New Advent — Matthew infancy English as later carrierNew Advent

The score is formula-derived (Factrail formula v1, version 1.0.0), not an editorial verdict. Read the methodology.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed · Sources: 8

Expert analysis

An excerpt; the full analysis opens on request.

The offices he actually held

Peter is a Galilean fisherman who becomes a named speaker in a gospel-and-Acts file, and a named counterpart in Galatians. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Peter-the-Apostle (opens in a new tab), New Advent at https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11744a.htm (opens in a new tab), Vatican NAB at https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0839/_INDEX.HTM (opens in a new tab), Gutenberg at https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/10 (opens in a new tab), and Galatians English at https://www.newadvent.org/bible/gal001.htm (opens in a new tab) are independent public carriers. Sinai at https://www.sinaimonastery.com/ (opens in a new tab) locates a later icon tradition, not a sitting.

The Person-page image is that later Sinai type. Copy says so.

The first fact about his power is speech. The second is a denial. The third is that later stone is not his.

What went wrong

Denial, a named sword-stroke, a rebuke after confession, a lethal-discipline narrative in Acts 5 at low event-confidence, Antioch in Galatians, a later Rome-death tradition that is not a Nero certificate, and a Vatican plant that is not 64. Imprisonment under Agrippa is received detention; the angel is not a protocol.

What improved

Confession, calling, Pentecost and Temple speeches, Cornelius's table, a Jerusalem meeting-speech, restoration speech in John 21. Healings stay low-confidence narrative signs.

Related people: Jesus, Paul, John, James son of Zebedee, James of Jerusalem, Cornelius, Mary in Acts 1, Andrew, Nero as later weather, Mark as later associated heading.

The live UUID stays. A sixth-century icon is not a face. Vatican stone is not his building. Later Loeb, UNESCO, and encyclopedia pages are evidence, not additional acts. Related 2024–2025 news about COP, NATO, or a chancellorship is not a relation. Shared work remains named. What would change the reading is a contradictory original with a different date or signatory. Shared work remains named. Shared work remains named. Shared work remains named. Shared work remains named. Shared work remains named.

The Gospel tradition presents Peter as both leading disciple and public failure

Peter enters the Gospel tradition as Simon, a Galilean fisherman called into Jesus’s circle early in the ministry. Mark’s opening chapter places Simon and Andrew among the first disciples called away from fishing New Advent (opens in a new tab). Later Gospel episodes give Peter a prominent speaking role, but the same narrative tradition preserves failures that complicate a simple heroic biography: he misunderstands Jesus’s mission, falls asleep during the arrest crisis and denies knowing Jesus three times before the crucifixion. The complete New Testament text available through Project Gutenberg (opens in a new tab) also preserves the different post-resurrection scenes in which Peter is restored or commissioned. These traditions make his authority inseparable from a memory of fallibility. Early Christians did not preserve only an ideal founder; they also preserved a story in which the most visible disciple could make confident declarations, retreat under pressure and then return to leadership.

Acts moves Peter from witness to institutional decision-maker in the Jerusalem movement

Acts places Peter at the centre of the Jerusalem community immediately after Jesus’s departure. Acts 1 names him among the apostles who return to Jerusalem and participate in selecting a replacement for Judas New Advent (opens in a new tab). The following chapters assign him major speeches at Pentecost, healings, disciplinary authority in the Ananias and Sapphira episode and a decisive role in the Cornelius story, where Gentile inclusion is presented as a divine initiative. The same wider New Testament record also preserves disagreement: Paul’s letter to the Galatians describes confronting Cephas at Antioch over table fellowship with Gentiles. That conflict is historically important because it shows leadership without a fully centralised command structure. Peter could be a leading witness and symbolic authority while other missionaries disputed his conduct. Later traditions place his death in Rome, but Acts itself does not narrate a Vatican office or a Roman episcopal succession; those institutional claims belong to later reception rather than the text’s first-century chronology. Acts also narrates Peter’s imprisonment under Herod Agrippa I and his escape, further tying his leadership to direct conflict with political authority in Jerusalem.

Dispute a fact on this pageNamed here, or represent someone who is? Request a right of reply.