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Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls

In spring 43 BCE Antony waged the War of Mutina, besieging Decimus Brutus and fighting the consuls Hirtius and Pansa. In the causal graph this event weakens Humanitarian Access, a driver that strengthens People Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC) — an improving welfare path.

Read the full account

In spring 43 BCE Antony waged the War of Mutina, besieging Decimus Brutus and fighting the consuls Hirtius and Pansa. The dated campaign is not the November 43 proscriptions and not Philippi. Mark Antony’s documented role is: He besieged Decimus Brutus at Mutina and fought Hirtius and Pansa. Both consuls died; Octavian took the survivors; Antony retreated to Gaul. A spring war is not the later list. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Mark Antony's documented role is: He besieged Decimus Brutus at Mutina and fought Hirtius and Pansa.

Context

The Senate’s last republican levy, Octavian’s private army, and Ciceronian Philippics already structure the file. Later triumviral deal is a different instrument. Named others on the file: Decimus Brutus, Hirtius, Pansa, and Octavian share the campaign. The public setting is the file around -0043-04-21. The instrument stays Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls. The setting of Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls is the public file around -0043-04-21. Driver humanitarian-access is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Why it matters

Complex shared killing. Welfare reading worsening. The attached mechanism is A dated 43 civil-war campaign is a completed Italian killing heading before the triumviral list. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.

Shared responsibility is part of Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls. Naming Mark Antony does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from -0043-04-21 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Mark Antony

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.44 · verified

    He besieged Decimus Brutus at Mutina and fought Hirtius and Pansa. Both consuls died; Octavian took the survivors; Antony retreated to Gaul.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Perseus — Cicero, Philippics, Mutina contextPerseus Digital Library · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Mark AntonyEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Britannica and Cicero’s Philippics independently locate Mutina as Antony’s 43 Italian war. Official: Britannica — Mark Antony, Mutina 43 BCE (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mark-Antony-Roman-triumvir (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent: Perseus — Cicero, Philippics, Mutina context (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0076 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: Britannica — Mark Antony, Mutina 43 BCE (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mark-Antony-Roman-triumvir (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Perseus — Cicero, Philippics, Mutina context (https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0076 (opens in a new tab); Perseus Digital Library).

Established: Antony’s Mutina campaign of 43. Not established: that the later proscription list is this same battle. Established: a sourced public record of Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls under -0043-04-21.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. A spring war is not the later list. Mixed effects of Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls are separate paths.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorMark Antony
  2. contributed toFactAntony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls
  3. weakensDriverHumanitarian Access
  4. strengthensIndicatorPeople Internally Displaced by Conflict and Violence (IDMC)

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Antony fights the War of Mutina against the Senate’s consuls. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/ant-mutina-43

https://factrail.ai/facts/ant-mutina-43

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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