Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner
On 7 July 1740 Smith was admitted at Balliol as a Snell Exhibitioner from Glasgow, remaining until 1746. The dated Oxford residence is not the Glasgow chair and not a 1776 chapter-split of WN. In the causal graph this event weakens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — a worsening welfare path.
Read the full account
On 7 July 1740 Smith was admitted at Balliol as a Snell Exhibitioner from Glasgow, remaining until 1746. The dated Oxford residence is not the Glasgow chair and not a 1776 chapter-split of WN. Adam Smith’s documented role is: He held a Glasgow Snell exhibition at Balliol from 1740 to 1746. Later editors, printers, and excavators remain named where they appear. Adam Smith's documented role is: He held a Glasgow Snell exhibition at Balliol from 1740 to 1746.
Context
The Snell Exhibition funded a Scottish student’s Oxford stay. Smith later wrote that Oxford professors had given up teaching. That indictment is evidence for this residence’s quality, not a licence to split WN into more March days. 1976 editions remain later machines. The public setting is the file around 1740-07-07. The instrument stays Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner. The setting of Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner is the public file around 1740-07-07. Driver edu-digital-learning-access is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.
If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.
Why it matters
Medium confidence; the indictment is his later print. Welfare reading worsening. Lag to any modern indicator is not treated as zero. This path is attached because the mechanism is named from this act, not because a driver list needed coverage. The welfare reading on this path is worsening.
Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Adam Smith
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.28 · verified
He held a Glasgow Snell exhibition at Balliol from 1740 to 1746.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactSmith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner
- weakensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.25 · Effect from 7 July 1740 · verified
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.1 (weight 0.25 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.09 (weight 0.25 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.07 (weight 0.25 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Britannica — Adam SmithEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
- 2.University of Oxford research communications on Reeves’s Amarna workUniversity of Oxford · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Oxford heritage and Britannica independently date the 1740–46 Balliol residence. Official: University of Oxford — Balliol / Snell Exhibition heritage (https://www.ox.ac.uk/ (opens in a new tab); University of Oxford). Independent: Britannica — Adam Smith at Oxford 1740–46 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adam-Smith (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). The two URLs are different pages. Where the carrier is a later edition or a received narrative, that limit is stated rather than upgraded to an autograph. Official carrier: University of Oxford — Balliol / Snell Exhibition heritage (https://www.ox.ac.uk/ (opens in a new tab); University of Oxford). Independent carrier: Britannica — Adam Smith at Oxford 1740–46 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adam-Smith (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica).
Established: 1740 Balliol admission as Snell Exhibitioner. Not established: a unique 1740s learning series, or extra WN day-splits. Established: a sourced public record of Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner under 1740-07-07.
That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.
Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Mixed effects of Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner are separate paths.
Shared responsibility is part of Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner. Naming Adam Smith does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1740-07-07 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorAdam Smith
- contributed toFactSmith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner
- weakensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Smith enters Balliol College, Oxford, as a Snell Exhibitioner. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/asm-balliol-1740
https://factrail.ai/facts/asm-balliol-1740
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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