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Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants

In the 1210s later files describe Chinggis Khan's court issuing paiza tablets as imperial safe-conduct. In the causal graph this event strengthens the driver Industrial-Policy Activism.

Read the full account

In the 1210s later files describe Chinggis Khan's court issuing paiza tablets as imperial safe-conduct. It is a pass system, not a modern passport statute. Genghis Khan's documented role is: He authorised tablet-passes for official travellers. Local stations had to honour them; abuse of paiza is a later cost not this heading.

Context

Yam stations had to honour the tablet. Sharing issue with scribes is required. Otrar's 1219 massacre is the breach of protection, stored on the Khwarezm opening row. The setting of Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants is the public file around 1217-01-01. Driver industrial-policy-activism is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Why it matters

Improving path from Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants on 1217-01-01. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

Shared responsibility is part of Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants. Naming Genghis Khan does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1217-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Genghis Khan

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.4 · verified

    He authorised tablet-passes for official travellers. Local stations had to honour them; abuse of paiza is a later cost not this heading.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactPaiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants
    2. strengthensDriverIndustrial-Policy Activism

    impact weight 0.35 · Effect from 1 January 1217 · verified

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Met Heilbrunn — Mongols in China, religious neighbourhoodMetropolitan Museum of Art · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.University of Washington Silk Road — Inner Asian chancery neighbourhoodUniversity of Washington · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Official locator: Met Heilbrunn — Mongol paiza and authority tablets neighbourhood at https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/khan1/hd_khan1.htm (opens in a new tab) (Metropolitan Museum of Art). Independent locator: University of Washington Silk Road — paiza / safe-conduct neighbourhood at https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/ (opens in a new tab) (University of Washington). Official carrier: Met Heilbrunn — Mongol paiza and authority tablets neighbourhood (https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/khan1/hd_khan1.htm (opens in a new tab); Metropolitan Museum of Art). Independent carrier: University of Washington Silk Road — paiza / safe-conduct neighbourhood (https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/ (opens in a new tab); University of Washington).

Established: a sourced public record of Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants under 1217-01-01 for Genghis Khan. Established: a sourced public record of Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants under 1217-01-01.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Otrar remains a breach of the same protection idea. Mixed effects of Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants are separate paths.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorGenghis Khan
  2. contributed toFactPaiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants
  3. strengthensDriverIndustrial-Policy Activism

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Paiza tablets are issued as imperial safe-conduct for envoys and favoured merchants. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/gk-paiza-pass

https://factrail.ai/facts/gk-paiza-pass

Accessed 16 October 2026.

By the · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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