Notre-Dame de Paris is issued as a public novel that also campaigns for medieval fabric
In March 1831 Notre-Dame de Paris appeared. This Fact stores that public novel as access to a civic monument-imagination, split from the Esmeralda type. In the causal graph this event strengthens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — an improving welfare path.
Read the full account
In March 1831 Notre-Dame de Paris appeared. This Fact stores that public novel as access to a civic monument-imagination, split from the Esmeralda type.
Context
One book, two paths. Education-access here; minority-type elsewhere.
Victor Hugo’s documented role is bounded by other offices and collaborators named in the sources below.
Why it matters
A mass historical novel increased public literacy about a cathedral as a civic object.
1831 is not 1862.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Victor Hugo
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.55 · verified
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactNotre-Dame de Paris is issued as a public novel that also campaigns for medieval fabric
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.5 · Effect from 16 March 1831 · verified
A mass historical novel increased public literacy about a cathedral as a civic object.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.5 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.17 (weight 0.5 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.15 (weight 0.5 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Bibliothèque nationale de FranceBibliothèque nationale de France · High credibility · verified
- 2.Notre-Dame de Paris — public-domain EnglishProject Gutenberg · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Gutenberg Notre-Dame and BnF/Gallica independently date the 1831 public novel.
Established: 1831 public Notre-Dame de Paris. Not established: that the book uniquely funded a particular restoration invoice.
Contribution type is direct.
Later museums, UNESCO listings, Loeb reprints, and 2024–2025 COP or NATO rows are not this event. Responsibility 0.55 and influence 0.55 bound the path; they are not a personality score. If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here. Readers should open both named URLs.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorVictor Hugo
- contributed toFactNotre-Dame de Paris is issued as a public novel that also campaigns for medieval fabric
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Notre-Dame de Paris is issued as a public novel that also campaigns for medieval fabric. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/hug-notre-dame-1831
https://factrail.ai/facts/hug-notre-dame-1831
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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