Public-domain English Plutarch Antony enters cheap print and later Gutenberg
Dryden-tradition English Antony, now at Gutenberg, made the received life classroom English. In the causal graph this event strengthens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — an improving welfare path.
Read the full account
Dryden-tradition English Antony, now at Gutenberg, made the received life classroom English.
Context
English spreads both asp-legend and Donations.
Cleopatra is not the sole author of every later object, law, or museum label that uses the name. Shared work with courts, excavators, printers, spouses, officials, and later states does not erase a documented role, and it does not make an ancient person the signer of a twentieth-century statute.
Why it matters
A Gutenberg Plutarch is not a papyrus from Herculaneum.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Cleopatra
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.2 · verified
Named Ptolemaic queen as heading of coins and later narratives. Roman rivals, mint workers, and later studios share the instrument.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactPublic-domain English Plutarch Antony enters cheap print and later Gutenberg
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.35 · Effect from 1 January 1900 · verified
A Gutenberg Plutarch is not a papyrus from Herculaneum.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.14 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.12 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.1 (weight 0.35 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Plutarch, Antony — public-domain EnglishProject Gutenberg · High credibility · verified
- 2.Harvard / Loeb — Plutarch, AntonyHarvard University Press · High credibility · verified
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorCleopatra
- contributed toFactPublic-domain English Plutarch Antony enters cheap print and later Gutenberg
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Public-domain English Plutarch Antony enters cheap print and later Gutenberg. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/cl-gutenberg-plutarch
https://factrail.ai/facts/cl-gutenberg-plutarch
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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