France promulgates the Climate and Resilience law
Law 2021-1104 of 22 August 2021 implements part of the Citizens’ Climate Convention: bans on some short-haul flights, advertising restrictions, and other mitigation tools. In the causal graph this event strengthens Decarbonization and climate-mitigation policy, a driver that weakens Global CO2 emissions per capita — an improving welfare path.
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Law 2021-1104 of 22 August 2021 implements part of the Citizens’ Climate Convention: bans on some short-haul flights, advertising restrictions, and other mitigation tools. NGOs said it fell short of the Convention. It is still an enacted climate statute.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Emmanuel Macron
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.55 · verified
He launched the Convention and then accepted a thinner statute. Parliament enacted it. The Convention did not legislate.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactFrance promulgates the Climate and Resilience law
- strengthensDriverDecarbonization and climate-mitigation policy
- weakensIndicators (3)Global CO2 emissions per capita
impact weight 0.45 · Effect from 22 August 2021 · verified
Statutory bans and advertising rules increase the coverage of national decarbonization policy, with a lag through implementing decrees.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.27 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.6)
Observed
4.73 tonnes CO2 per person per year · 2.43 above the normal line (2024)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 4.71 tonnes CO2 per person per year (2023) and 4.73 tonnes CO2 per person per year (2024).
20232024 Above normal = worse
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.23 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.5)
Observed
32.9 micrograms per cubic metre (annual mean, population-weighted) · 27.9 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normal3 readings, 2021–2023: fell from 33.2 micrograms per cubic metre (annual mean, population-weighted) to 32.9 micrograms per cubic metre (annual mean, population-weighted).
Above normal = worse
- Better
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.18 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.4)
Observed
30% of electricity generation · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Better than normal6 readings, 2000–2023: rose from 18.9% of electricity generation to 30% of electricity generation.
Above normal = better
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.IEA — Climate and Resilience lawIEA · High credibility · verified
- 2.LOI n° 2021-1104 du 22 août 2021 climat et résilienceLégifrance · High credibility · verified
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorEmmanuel Macron
- contributed toFactFrance promulgates the Climate and Resilience law
- strengthensDriverDecarbonization and climate-mitigation policy
- weakensIndicatorGlobal CO2 emissions per capita
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). France promulgates the Climate and Resilience law. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/fr-climate-resilience-law-2021
https://factrail.ai/facts/fr-climate-resilience-law-2021
Accessed 15 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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