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Hungary adopts Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, packing the bench and cutting actio popularis

On 14 November 2011 the National Assembly adopted Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, raising the bench toward fifteen judges, lengthening terms, and replacing actio popularis with a narrower complaint model. In the causal graph this event strengthens Judicial independence erosion (court capture), a driver that strengthens Rule of Law Gap from the Highest Governance Score — a worsening welfare path.

Sources: [1][2]

Read the full account

On 14 November 2011 the National Assembly adopted Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, raising the bench toward fifteen judges, lengthening terms, and replacing actio popularis with a narrower complaint model. The Venice Commission later criticised the package. This Fact is that dated court statute. It is not the 2011 Fundamental Law taken alone, not the 2013 Fourth Amendment, and not a personality. Official text sits in the National Legal Database; the Venice Commission opinion is the independent file.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Viktor Orbán

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    verified

    Prime minister whose government or governing majority advanced the named measure. The institutional source ties the measure to the governing legal program under Orbán. Contribution size is permanently_blocked (no sourced fraction); provisional 0.4 is stored only because contributions.size is NOT NULL — not a sourced magnitude. Attached by Pack6 land-now subset; the fact's own primary source documents the measure.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.2025 Rule of Law Report – Country Chapter on HungaryEuropean Commission · verified
  2. 2.Opinion on Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court of Hungary, CDL-AD(2012)009Venice Commission · verified

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorViktor Orbán
  2. contributed toFactHungary adopts Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, packing the bench and cutting actio popularis
  3. strengthensDrivers (2)Judicial independence erosion (court capture)
  4. strengthensIndicatorRule of Law Gap from the Highest Governance Score

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Hungary adopts Act CLI of 2011 on the Constitutional Court, packing the bench and cutting actio popularis. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/hu-constitutional-court-act-2011

https://factrail.ai/facts/hu-constitutional-court-act-2011

Accessed 15 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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