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Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated

Around 621–622 CE later sira dates the Aqaba pledges by some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad. In the causal graph this event strengthens Democratic Resilience, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — an improving welfare path.

Read the full account

Around 621–622 CE later sira dates the Aqaba pledges by some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad. They are received political oaths, not a written constitution. Muhammad's documented role is: He received pledges from Yathrib men at Aqaba. The tribes pledged; he did not yet govern a town.

Context

Yathrib had feud problems the pledges promised to settle. Sharing the oath with the named tribal groups is required. Hijra follows as a different row. The setting of Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated is the public file around 0621-01-01. Driver democratic-resilience is attached because the significance names a mechanism from this act, not because a standing list needed coverage.

Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. Mixed effects of Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated are separate paths.

Why it matters

Improving path from Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated on 0621-01-01. The welfare reading on this path is improving.

That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Muhammad

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.48 · verified

    He received pledges from Yathrib men at Aqaba. The tribes pledged; he did not yet govern a town.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

    1. FactYathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated
    2. strengthensDriverDemocratic Resilience
    3. strengthensIndicators (3)Having a say in government
    Improving path

    impact weight 0.45 · Effect from 1 January 621 · verified

    • Having a say in government

      via Democratic Resilience

      Better

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.32 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.7)

      Observed

      29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)

      Worse than normal

      Two readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).

      20212023

      Above normal = better

    • Clean elections index

      via Democratic Resilience

      Better

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      0.53 score from 0 to 1 · 0.34 below the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      125 readings, 1900–2024: rose from 0.17 score from 0 to 1 to 0.53 score from 0 to 1.

      Above normal = better

    • WJP Rule of Law Index (global)

      via Democratic Resilience

      Better

      Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.2 (weight 0.45 × strength 0.45)

      Observed

      0.55 index score (0-1) · 0.26 below the normal line (2024)

      Worse than normal

      Above normal = better

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Britannica — Medina, pre-Hijra pledgesEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.Britannica — Muhammad, public Meccan preachingEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Official locator: Britannica — Medina, pre-Hijra pledges at https://www.britannica.com/place/Medina-Saudi-Arabia (opens in a new tab) (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent locator: Britannica — Muhammad, Aqaba pledges at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad (opens in a new tab) (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Official carrier: Britannica — Medina, pre-Hijra pledges (https://www.britannica.com/place/Medina-Saudi-Arabia (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica). Independent carrier: Britannica — Muhammad, Aqaba pledges (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad (opens in a new tab); Encyclopaedia Britannica).

Established: a sourced public record of Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated under 0621-01-01 for Muhammad. Established: a sourced public record of Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated under 0621-01-01.

Shared responsibility is part of Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated. Naming Muhammad does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 0621-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.

If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.

Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorMuhammad
  2. contributed toFactYathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated
  3. strengthensDriverDemocratic Resilience
  4. strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). Yathrib pledges at Aqaba bind some Aws and Khazraj to Muhammad as later dated. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/muh-aqaba-621

https://factrail.ai/facts/muh-aqaba-621

Accessed 15 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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