De viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives
De viris illustribus gathers Latin lives of ancient figures as moral-civic examples, a long-term compilation of Petrarch’s middle decades, stored here at year-level 1350 as a working public form. In the causal graph this event strengthens Digital Learning Access, a driver that weakens Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries) — an improving welfare path.
Read the full account
De viris illustribus gathers Latin lives of ancient figures as moral-civic examples, a long-term compilation of Petrarch’s middle decades, stored here at year-level 1350 as a working public form. It is not Plutarch’s parallel lives and not a later school reader’s copyright. It is one more humanist prose instrument beside Africa and the letters.
Context
Exemplary biography is a teaching genre. Shared with scribes and with the ancient authors excerpted. It is not a welfare Fact about any one ancient king. Later Italian uses of ‘illustrious men’ as national gallery are reception.
Why it matters
Exemplary lives are an education path of high confidence and modest weight.
If a number is not in the two records named above, it is not supplied here.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Petrarch
PersonDirect responsibility
responsibility level 0.28 · verified
Named author of a Latin collective biography. Ancient sources were his library. Direct on the compilation as a lifetime work.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactDe viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicators (3)Learning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
impact weight 0.3 · Effect from 1 January 1350 · verified
A book of illustrious men taught Roman examples as readable civic memory, a modest education path.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.12 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.4)
Observed
70% of 10-year-olds · 70 above the normal line (2022)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 57% of 10-year-olds (2019) and 70% of 10-year-olds (2022).
20192022 Above normal = worse
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.1 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.35)
Observed
472 PISA score points · 28 below the normal line (2022)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2003–2022: fell from 499 PISA score points to 472 PISA score points.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.09 (weight 0.3 × strength 0.3)
Observed
11% of primary-school-age children · 11 above the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalAbove normal = worse
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.Treccani — Francesco PetrarcaIstituto della Enciclopedia Italiana · High credibility · verified
- 2.Britannica — PetrarchEncyclopaedia Britannica · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish
Treccani at https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-petrarca/ (opens in a new tab) lists De viris among the Latin prose. Britannica at https://www.britannica.com/biography/Petrarch (opens in a new tab) independently treats the Latin historical-moral works. Vatican manuscript neighbourhood at https://www.vaticanlibrary.va/ (opens in a new tab) is archival, not the act.
Established: a lifetime De viris project. Not established: a unique 1350 dedication day or a measured civic-virtue series. Collective ancient lives as civic school-book, working 1350, not Plutarch and not a national gallery. Official locator https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-petrarca/ (opens in a new tab) is not independent locator https://www.britannica.com/biography/Petrarch (opens in a new tab).
Confidence is stated on the impact path, not hidden in adjectives. De viris is not the Canzoniere and not Cola’s tribunate. Mixed effects of De viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives are separate paths.
Later competitions, monuments, translations, UNESCO listings, museums, and adaptations are not converted into extra lifetime acts.
The contribution type is direct. That reading is an impact-path choice, not a property stored on the Fact itself.
Shared responsibility is part of De viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives. Naming Petrarch does not delete co-authors, institutions, or later transmitters. The lag from 1350-01-01 to any measured indicator is not treated as zero. Alternative explanations — weather, other armies, later statutes, or independent cultural change — remain live where the sources do not close them.
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorPetrarch
- contributed toFactDe viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives
- strengthensDriverDigital Learning Access
- weakensIndicatorLearning Poverty Rate (low- and middle-income countries)
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). De viris illustribus compiled as a book of exemplary ancient lives. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/pet-de-viris-illustribus
https://factrail.ai/facts/pet-de-viris-illustribus
Accessed 16 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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