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India and France launch the International Solar Alliance at COP21

On 30 November 2015 Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President François Hollande launched the International Solar Alliance at COP21 in Paris, a completed intergovernmental initiative on solar deployment. The Alliance later became a treaty-based organisation headquartered in India. In the causal graph this event strengthens Renewable capacity buildout, a driver that strengthens Renewable share of global electricity generation — an improving welfare path.

Sources: [1][2]

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On 30 November 2015 Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President François Hollande launched the International Solar Alliance at COP21 in Paris, a completed intergovernmental initiative on solar deployment.

Context

The Alliance later became a treaty-based organisation headquartered in India. Hollande co-launched. Modi is the Indian principal. He did not write France’s energy code. Later ISA framework-agreement entry into force is a neighbouring later instrument.

Paris ratification in October 2016 is a neighbouring later depositary act. Domestic solar auctions are neighbouring later energy files.

The Prime Minister of India is head of the Union Council of Ministers. Parliament writes statutes; the President assents; states and Union ministries implement; the Supreme Court can strike a scheme down. A prime minister can announce demonetisation, drive a bill, and take an oath. He does not write a UNFCCC depositary record, an ISRO telemetry file, or a Supreme Court judgment by himself.

Why it matters

The path is renewable buildout and decarbonisation: a completed solar-alliance launch is a dated international energy-diplomacy instrument.

Who was responsible

Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.

  • Narendra Modi

    Person

    Direct responsibility

    responsibility level 0.5 · verified

    He co-launched as India’s principal. Hollande co-launched. Later secretariats implement. He did not write France’s energy code.

What changed

Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.

Evidence

The sources behind this fact and its verification state.

Verified2 sources on file
  1. 1.Reuters — India and France launch global solar allianceReuters · High credibility · verified
  2. 2.MEA — Launch of International Solar Alliance at COP21, 30 November 2015Ministry of External Affairs of India · High credibility · verified
What the sources establish

Ministry of External Affairs of India carries the official instrument or communique. Reuters records the same dated act independently.

Established: a 30 November 2015 India–France launch of the International Solar Alliance at COP21.

Not established: a unique later global solar-gigawatt coefficient from the launch hour, or that every later ISA member built panels because of the communique.

Hollande co-launched. Later secretariats implement. He did not write France’s energy code.. A later repeal, court stay, or successor order would be a different Fact with a different date. That pair identifies India and France launch the International Solar Alliance at COP21, not a later speech about India and France launch the International Solar Alliance at COP21.

Co-authors and later implementers named in Context remain on the file. If a later repeal, stay, or successor decree exists, it needs its own date and its own row. The contribution described on this Person row is limited to He co-launched as India’s principal. Hollande co-launched. Later secretariats implement. He did not write France’s energy code. That limit is the alternative to treating office-holding as authorship of every later series. The Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, the President, the Reserve Bank, state governments, the Election Commission, and foreign counterparties share specific files. Allegation is not a completed judgment. A Supreme Court striking-down is not a criminal conviction. A scheme notification is not a unique rupee coefficient. A UN pledge is not a delivered emissions path.

Causal path

How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.

  1. ActorNarendra Modi
  2. contributed toFactIndia and France launch the International Solar Alliance at COP21
  3. strengthensDrivers (2)Renewable capacity buildout
  4. strengthensIndicatorRenewable share of global electricity generation

Cite this page

Factrail. (2026). India and France launch the International Solar Alliance at COP21. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/in-isa-launch-2015

https://factrail.ai/facts/in-isa-launch-2015

Accessed 15 October 2026.

By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed

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