Sustained high-level shuttle diplomacy to broker a ceasefire is a clear peacebuilding-and-mediation effort, even where individual rounds stalled.

Through 2024, CIA Director William Burns served as the principal U.S. negotiator in repeated rounds of shuttle diplomacy across Doha, Cairo and European capitals aimed at securing a Gaza ceasefire and hostage release. Working closely with Qatari Prime Minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani, Egyptian intelligence and Israel's Mossad, Burns was the United States' main interlocutor in the multiparty talks. Several rounds stalled during the year before a framework was reached in January 2025, illustrating both the intensity and the limits of the mediation effort.
Through 2024, CIA Director William Burns served as the principal U.S. negotiator in repeated rounds of shuttle diplomacy across Doha, Cairo and European capitals aimed at securing a Gaza ceasefire and hostage release. Working closely with Qatari Prime Minister Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani, Egyptian intelligence and Israel's Mossad, Burns was the United States' main interlocutor in the multiparty talks. Several rounds stalled during the year before a framework was reached in January 2025, illustrating both the intensity and the limits of the mediation effort.
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Sustained high-level shuttle diplomacy to broker a ceasefire is a clear peacebuilding-and-mediation effort, even where individual rounds stalled.