Hungary adopts Act XLI of 2018, levying a 25 percent special immigration tax on civic support
On 20 July 2018 the National Assembly adopted Act XLI of 2018, adding a 25 percent special immigration tax on support for activities labelled immigration-supporting. In the causal graph this event weakens Civic Space, a driver that strengthens Having a say in government — a worsening welfare path.
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On 20 July 2018 the National Assembly adopted Act XLI of 2018, adding a 25 percent special immigration tax on support for activities labelled immigration-supporting. The Venice Commission and OSCE/ODIHR later called the levy a disproportionate interference with association. This Fact is that dated tax statute. It is not Stop Soros taken alone, not the 2017 Lex NGO, and not a personality. Official text sits in the National Legal Database; the Venice Commission joint opinion is the independent file.
Who was responsible
Contribution type and responsibility level for each recorded actor — not sole-author shorthand.
Viktor Orbán
PersonDirect responsibility
verified
Prime minister whose government or governing majority advanced the named measure. The institutional source ties the measure to the governing legal program under Orbán. Contribution size is permanently_blocked (no sourced fraction); provisional 0.4 is stored only because contributions.size is NOT NULL — not a sourced magnitude. Attached by Pack6 land-now subset; the fact's own primary source documents the measure.
What changed
Fact → Driver → Indicator. Relationship strength orders the paths; it is not the observed indicator movement.
- FactHungary adopts Act XLI of 2018, levying a 25 percent special immigration tax on civic support
- weakensDriverCivic Space
- strengthensIndicators (3)Having a say in government
impact weight 0.63 · verified
The institutional act directly changes the named condition of civic space; weakening matches -1. Impact type and direction use the same sign convention. Weight basis: The Venice Commission found the tax capable of discouraging legitimate NGO activity on migration, supporting a medium-strong civic-space weight. Weight 0.63 is the pack's qualitative severity class for this event, not an empirical coefficient.
Strengthens · Relationship strength 0.47 (weight 0.63 × strength 0.75)
Observed
29.8% of population aged 16-65 years · 8.13 below the normal line (2023)
Worse than normalTwo readings: 30.2% of population aged 16-65 years (2021) and 29.8% of population aged 16-65 years (2023).
20212023 Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.35 (weight 0.63 × strength 0.56)
Observed
45 Score · 45 above the normal line (2024)
Worse than normal7 readings, 2018–2024: rose from 43.8 Score to 45 Score.
Normal is zero · any amount = worse
- Worse
Number of cases of enforced disappearance of human rights defenders, journalists and trade unionists (Number)
via Civic Space
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.31 (weight 0.63 × strength 0.49)
Observed
123 · 123 above the normal line (2025)
Worse than normal8 readings, 2018–2025: rose from 32 to 123.
Normal is zero · any amount = worse
- FactHungary adopts Act XLI of 2018, levying a 25 percent special immigration tax on civic support
- strengthensDriverIlliberal state capture in Hungary
- weakensIndicators (6)Access to justice index
impact weight 0.55 · Effect from 20 July 2018 · verified
A 25 percent tax on civic work labelled immigration-supporting is the fiscal sequel of Stop Soros.
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)
Observed
0.62 score from 0 to 1 · 0.25 below the normal line (2024)
Worse than normal125 readings, 1900–2024: rose from 0.37 score from 0 to 1 to 0.62 score from 0 to 1.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)
Observed
0.62 score from 0 to 1 · 0.23 below the normal line (2024)
Worse than normal125 readings, 1900–2024: rose from 0.35 score from 0 to 1 to 0.62 score from 0 to 1.
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)
Observed
0.53 score from 0 to 1 · 0.34 below the normal line (2024)
Worse than normal125 readings, 1900–2024: rose from 0.17 score from 0 to 1 to 0.53 score from 0 to 1.
Above normal = better
All indicators on this path (6)
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.25 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.45)
Above normal = better
Weakens · Relationship strength 0.17 (weight 0.55 × strength 0.3)
Above normal = better
Evidence
The sources behind this fact and its verification state.
- 1.2025 Rule of Law Report – Country Chapter on HungaryEuropean Commission · verified
- 2.Joint opinion on Section 253 on the special immigration tax of Act XLI of 20 July 2018, CDL-AD(2018)035Venice Commission · verified
Causal path
How this event connects to drivers and indicators in the graph.
- ActorViktor Orbán
- contributed toFactHungary adopts Act XLI of 2018, levying a 25 percent special immigration tax on civic support
- weakensDrivers (2)Civic Space
- strengthensIndicatorHaving a say in government
Cite this page
Factrail. (2026). Hungary adopts Act XLI of 2018, levying a 25 percent special immigration tax on civic support. Factrail. https://factrail.ai/facts/hu-special-immigration-tax-2018
https://factrail.ai/facts/hu-special-immigration-tax-2018
Accessed 15 October 2026.
By the Factrail desk · Method: how we source and score · Last reviewed
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